Principles of creating thematic and dynamic map-schemes based on GIS technologies

Abstract

This article examines the theoretical, methodological, and algorithmic principles of creating thematic and dynamic map-schemes based on geographic information system (GIS) technologies. The stages of collecting spatial data, georeferencing, stratification, forming an attribute database, normalizing indicators, thematic classification, and dynamic visualization in land management and land management processes have been analyzed. When creating thematic maps, soil quality, moisture content, salinity, reclamation status, irrigation provision, land degradation, and the integrated assessment index were selected as the primary cartographic indicators. When creating dynamic map schemes, it is proposed to use IoT sensors, GPS, remote sensing, meteorological stations, and cloud databases. Spatial data updated over time is processed on the GIS platform, allowing for monitoring, forecasting changes in land conditions, and developing management solutions. The proposed approach serves to increase the accuracy of land management projects, identify degradation risks, and ensure the efficient use of land resources.