The effect of direct seeding into stubble and conventional seeding technologies on yield and resource consumption in repeat sowing of beans after winter wheat

Abstract

The article presents a comparative analysis of the agronomic and resource-saving aspects of two technologies for cultivating beans as a follow-up crop after winter wheat harvest: direct seeding into stubble versus the traditional method (which involves plowing and multiple pre-sowing tillage operations). The experimental design focused on evaluating bean cultivation using these two methods, specifically assessing plant density, field emergence, soil moisture, yield components, grain yield, mechanization operations, and the consumption of fuel, labor, and irrigation water. Model calculations demonstrated that direct seeding technology shortens the pre-sowing period, reduces the number of field operations, and enables planting within the optimal timeframe. A significant reduction in resource consumption was observed while maintaining yield levels comparable to those of the traditional technology. The results indicate that implementing elements such as minimal soil disturbance, retention of stubble residues, and direct seeding within the winter wheat-bean cropping system on irrigated lands holds great promise.