Improving the technology of growing seedlings of promising jujube cultivars under the conditions of the Syrdarya region

Abstract

This article analyzes the scientific basis for improving the technology of growing seedlings of promising jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) cultivars under the conditions of the Syrdarya region of Uzbekistan. The relevance of the study is associated with the adaptability of jujube to arid and continental climatic conditions, the nutritional and biological value of its fruits, and the increasing interest in expanding jujube cultivation in Uzbekistan. Scientific information on jujube cultivars introduced into Uzbekistan, seed and vegetative propagation methods, pre-sowing seed treatments, cutting rooting, and grafting techniques used for the production of planting material is reviewed. Previous research conducted under Uzbek conditions investigated nine jujube cultivars introduced from China, including Xiangzao, Zanhuangdazao, Tangzao, Mayabaizao, Junzao, Dabailing, Dongzao, Linyilizao, and Jixinzao, with several cultivars demonstrating promising adaptability. Recent research on seed propagation has also demonstrated the importance of pre-sowing treatment and sowing depth. Under the conditions of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, the highest seed germination was observed at a sowing depth of 2.5–3.0 cm, while scarification accelerated seed germination and improved germination performance. Studies of vegetative propagation have demonstrated that indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) can significantly improve the rooting of jujube cuttings and root development characteristics. The reviewed scientific evidence provides a basis for developing an adapted technology for producing high-quality jujube planting material under the soil and climatic conditions of the Syrdarya region.