Effect of applying natural adsorbents in addition to mineral fertilizers on the biometric indicators and yield element formation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

This article investigates the effect of the natural adsorbent - bentonite slurry - on the growth, development, and biometric parameters of winter wheat under reduced mineral fertilizer application rates. The mechanisms behind achieving mineral fertilizer cost-efficiency and high agro-ecological effectiveness due to the hydro-physical and agrochemical properties of bentonite are scientifically substantiated.