Effective mechanisms of public-private partnership in the service sector

Abstract

The article examines public-private partnership (PPP) mechanisms in the service sector, focusing on the allocation of responsibilities, risks and incentives between public and private partners. Instead of limiting the discussion to a formal classification of PPP forms, the study emphasizes the contractual elements that influence service quality, project sustainability and investor incentives. Government contracts, leases, concessions, joint ventures, BOT, BOO, DBFO, LDO, O&M and service contracts are compared from the perspective of functions and risks. Based on international PPP guidance, an applied model-selection sequence is proposed: identify project risks, determine which party can manage each risk most effectively, define measurable service outcomes, and establish monitoring and adjustment mechanisms. The paper also develops practical recommendations relevant to the Uzbek PPP environment.